The historical complexity of Jesus' trial is apparent in the Gospel accounts. the Personal Sin of the participants (Judas, the Sanhedrin, Pilate) is known to God Alone. Hence we cannot lay Responsibility for the trial on the Jews in Jerusalem as a whole, despite the outcry of a manipulated crowd and the global reproaches contained in the Apostles' calls to Conversion after Pentecost. 385 Jesus himself, in forGiving them on the Cross, and Peter in Following suit, both accept "the ignorance" of the Jews of Jerusalem and even of their Leaders. 386 Still less can we extend responsibility to other Jews of Different times and places, based merely on the crowd's cry: "His Blood be on us and on our children!", a formula for ratifying a judicial sentence. 387 As the Church declared at the Second Vatican Council: . . .